SEC filings explained in plain English

What the filings on the radar mean: insider trades, 8-Ks, 5% stakes, IPO filings and red flags.

What is a Form 4? Insider trades explained

Form 4 is how company insiders report buying or selling their own stock. What it shows, who files it, how fast, and what the transaction codes mean.

What is an 8-K? Current reports explained

An 8-K is a company's report of a major event: results, deals, executive changes, layoffs, hacks. What the item numbers mean and how fast it's filed.

13D vs 13G: what a 5% stake filing means

Schedules 13D and 13G are filed when someone owns more than 5% of a company. The difference between an active 13D and a passive 13G, and why it matters.

What is an S-1? IPO filings explained

An S-1 registration statement is how a company registers shares with the SEC, usually before an IPO. S-1 vs F-1, amendments, and what to read first.

What is Form 144? Planned insider sales explained

Form 144 is a notice that an insider or affiliate plans to sell restricted or control shares. When it's required and how it relates to Form 4.

What is an NT 10-K or NT 10-Q? Late filing notices explained

An NT 10-K or NT 10-Q means a company says its annual or quarterly report will be late. What the grace period is and why late filings can matter.

What is a 10b5-1 plan? Scheduled insider trades explained

A 10b5-1 plan lets insiders schedule trades in advance. How the plans work, the cooling-off period, and how they show on Form 4.

10-K vs 10-Q: annual and quarterly reports explained

The 10-K is a company's audited annual report; the 10-Q is its quarterly report. What's in each and when they're due.

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